LZ说:美国地方政府官员犯下了隐藏证据重罪,诬陷重罪,做伪证重罪,阻碍司法重罪,人身伤害重罪”,
这些正都是属于各国国内法必须管辖的刑事犯罪,美国政府机构有权拒绝中国外交机构对其所管辖案件的外交干预。美国内各州都有自己的州法院、上诉法院以及独立的衡平巡回法院,并有对于违宪违反人权案件的特别程序和特别救济,本希望能从LZ那里学到些法律知识,呵呵,只好谦虚上网自学了:
Courts of the United States include both the United States federal courts, comprising the judicial branch of the federal government of the United States (operating under the authority of the United States Constitution and federal law) and state and territorial courts of the individual U.S. states and territories (operating under the authority of the state and territorial constitutions and state and territorial law)
Federal statutes that refer to the "courts of the United States" are referring only to the courts of the federal government, and not the courts of the individual states. Because of the federalist underpinnings of the division between sovereign federal and state governments, the various state court systems are free to operate in ways that vary widely from those of the federal government, and from one another. In practice, however, every state has adopted a division of its judiciary into at least two levels, and almost every state has three levels, with trial courts hearing cases which may be reviewed by appellate courts, and finally by a state supreme court. A few states have two separate supreme courts, with one having authority over civil matters and the other reviewing criminal cases. 47 states and the federal government allow at least one appeal of right from a final judgment on the merits, meaning that the court receiving the appeal must decide the appeal after it is briefed and argued properly. Three states do not provide a right to a first appeal. Rather, they give litigants only a right to petition for the right to have an appeal heard.
State courts often have diverse names and structures, as illustrated below. State courts hear about 98% of litigation; most states have courts of special jurisdiction, which typically handle minor disputes such as traffic citations, and courts of general jurisdiction responsible for more serious disputes.[1]
The U.S. federal court system hears cases involving litigants from two or more states, violations of federal laws, treaties, and the Constitution, admiralty, bankruptcy, and related issues.[2] In practice, about 80% of the cases are civil and 20% criminal.[1] The civil cases often involve civil rights, patents, and Social Security while the criminal cases involve tax fraud, robbery, counterfeiting, and drug crimes.[1] The trial courts are U.S. district courts, followed by United States courts of appeals and then the Supreme Court of the United States. The judicial system, whether state or federal, begins with a court of first instance, whose work may be reviewed by an appellate court, and then ends at the court of last resort, which may review the work of the lower courts.[3]
Institutions which may be considered courts of the United States are listed below.
LZ会变戏法,不停的变来变去;
前次意见改正不错,只是接受和改的是形式,重要的法律问题尚未认清问题所在;
“有权利就有救济方法”,LZ既然是律师,以自己的专业知识保护当事人才是该做的份内事,
绕开法律不断往政治上扯,非一个称职的专业律师所为,只能让人产生LZ通篇文章是在挂羊皮卖狗肉别有用心的怀疑。
by the way,we all will be very appreciated if you can tell us sth as to American Leagle system or provisions regarding Human Rights in Constitution of the U.S.
时间:2013年06月16日 09:39 查看全文